Barbiturates are some of the oldest modern medications that are still in use today. Barbituric acid was first used in the late 1800s and was later synthesized as a medicinal sleep aid. The drug has a controversial history. In the mid-20th century, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and other depressant anti-anxiety sleep aids were marketed to otherwise healthy women, especially mothers. In the Golden Age of Hollywood, movie producers would give young actors amphetamines to keep them awake and alert through long hours of shooting. To help them sleep at night, they were given barbiturates to counteract the stimulants.
Barbiturates are useful as an anti-anxiety medication and a sleep-aid, but their addiction potential can cause some ugly side effects, including overdose.
There have been several high-profile deaths linked to barbiturate use including actress Judy Garland and musician Jimi Hendrix. Long-term barbiturate use can lead to dependence and overdose, but the drug also has abuse potential. It can cause intoxication similar to alcohol. Finally, unlike other drugs, it can even be dangerous during withdrawal.
Learn more about barbiturate addiction and why this drug has all but been replaced by alternative sleep-aids.
What Are Barbiturates?
Barbiturates are in the class of psychoactive substances known as central nervous system (CNS) depressants, along with benzodiazepines and alcohol. They work by affecting a naturally occurring chemical in the brain called gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA). This chemical is responsible for a number of important functions in the brain, especially controlling excitability in the CNS. This means that GABA slows you down, relaxes your muscles, eases your anxieties, and helps you sleep. In some cases, people with anxiety disorders or sleep disorders can have a chemical imbalance that creates too much excitability in the brain. Barbiturates can help by increasing the efficiency of GABA, allowing it to more effectively induce sleep and relaxation.
However, the problem is that the brain quickly adapts to the presence of barbiturates. If you use them regularly for too long, it can actually make anxiety and sleep problems worse. Your brain may stop producing its own inhibitory chemical, relying primarily on the barbiturates. Plus, your brain may also start producing excitatory chemicals to counteract the barbiturates and balance brain chemistry.
By the 1960s, the American public grew increasingly aware of barbiturates’ dependence and overdose potential. Soon, benzodiazepines, another CNS depressant, started to grow in popularity. By the 1970s, benzodiazepines were the most popular prescription in the world and had all but completely replaced barbiturates. Today, the drug is still used but it’s typically only prescribed as an anticonvulsant to help with seizures.
What Are the Signs of Barbiturate Addiction?
If you’ve been using barbiturates or another CNS depressant, there are a number of physical and psychological symptoms that can tip you off that there might be a pending addiction. The first sign that your body is getting used to the drug is tolerance. If you are no longer experiencing the same effects of the drug, or if you feel like you need to use more to achieve the same results, it means you are becoming tolerant. Your brain is producing chemicals to counteract the drug and diminishing its effects.
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Let our treatment experts call you today.The next sign is physical dependence. If you stop using the drug and start to feel withdrawal symptoms like, anxiety, panic, insomnia, tremors, shakiness, aggression, or irritability, it can mean that you’ve become dependent.
If you are worried about a friend or family member that’s been using barbiturates or any other CNS depressant, there are some observable signs that can point to a potential addiction.
- Impaired judgment
- Sedation
- Slurred speech
- Confusion
- Loss of motor function
- Irritability
- Restlessness
- Shakiness
- Isolationism
- Not participating in normal everyday activities
- Sudden problems at work or school
- Hiding or lying about drug use
If you believe that you, or a loved one, might be struggling with barbiturate addiction or dependence, it’s important to call your doctor as soon as possible. Quitting cold turkey can be potentially dangerous. Barbiturate withdrawal symptoms can cause serious medical complications that can sometimes be fatal.
What Is Involved in Barbiturate Addiction Treatment?
Since barbiturate withdrawal symptoms can cause symptoms that can be potentially life-threatening, treatment usually starts with medical detox. Also called medically managed inpatient service, medical detox represents the highest level of care in addiction treatment. It involves 24 hours of treatment from medical professionals who will help to ease your symptoms as you detox. They will also ensure that you go through detox safely, avoiding any complications. The extra supervision will help keep you from relapsing during drug cravings. Medical detox may also be appropriate if you have other co-occurring medical conditions that need immediate care.
If barbiturate use has turned into an addiction, it may not stop after you go through detox. If you have cravings and compulsions to use barbiturates again, you may need to go through continued addiction treatment. After detox, clinicians can help you find the next level of care that’s appropriate for your needs. There are three major levels of care after detox, including:
- Inpatient treatment
- Intensive outpatient
- Outpatient services
In addiction treatment, you will help your therapist and clinicians create a personalized treatment plan that addresses your individual needs. The plan may involve a variety of therapies that are designed to address any underlying mental health issues, learn coping strategies to handle triggers, and relapse prevention techniques.
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How Dangerous are Barbiturates?
Barbiturates can cause intoxication, drowsiness, sedation, and other symptoms similar to alcohol use. These can be dangerous, especially when used before driving or operating heavy machinery. Side effects may be worse for older people. As people get older, it becomes harder to process out barbiturates which can lead to more intense effects. This can cause accidents like slip and fall accidents that are especially dangerous for older people.
Barbiturates can cause fatal overdoses, where the nervous system is suppressed to the point where a person stops breathing. Fatal side effects are more likely to occur if you combine barbiturates with another depressant like alcohol or opioid pain relievers.
Finally, barbiturates are especially dangerous when you stop using cold turkey, after developing a chemical dependence. Suddenly stopping barbiturate use can cause nervous system overactivity which leads to symptoms like seizures and delirium, which can be fatal without medical care.
Start Your Journey to Recovery Today
If you or a loved one is struggling with addiction to barbiturates or another CNS depressant, help is available that can lead you to lasting recovery. It important to seek medical detox as soon as possible, because withdrawal symptoms can sometimes be fatal. While addiction is a chronic disease with no known cure, it can be treated with evidence-based practices at a results-driven treatment center. Call the addiction specialists at Arete Recovery at (855) 781-9939 to learn more about the treatment options that are available to you. The first step toward a life free from active addiction may just be a call away or email us.
Contact the addiction specialists at Arete Recovery at (855) 781-9939 to learn more about the treatment options that are available to you. The first step toward a life free from active addiction may just be a call away.